Oleh: Muhlis Ibrahim (Pemerhati Lingkungan dan Pertambangan)
SEBENARNYA saya enggan menggunakan kalimat “sudah saatnya” karena mengindikasikan kita yang selalu terlambat dahulu baru kemudian bertindak. Adalah sebuah nirmala adiwarna yang tidak lagi asri setelah dilahap modal dan mesin-mesin industri.
Tidak banyak khalayak umum mengetahui, tidak jauh dari desa Kawasi Pulau Obi, sebuah danau berpanorama indah berada. Danau itu diberi nama Danau Karo. Diapit banyak gunung yang berbaris dari utara hingga selatan. Sebahagian sudah telanjang tak lagi bervegetasi karena telah dilucuti investasi.
Masyarakat setempat hingga kini begitu menjaga keasrian danau tersebut. Konon, danau itu dihuni begitu hanyak binatang buas dan mahluk halus.
Tidak jauh dari danau, pabrik-pabrik megah berdiri. Dengan tekonologi super canggih mengeksploitasi nikel di daerah tersebut. Dua perusahan besar yang bercokol itu adalah PT Trimega Bangun Persada (Harita Group) dan PT Wana Tiara Persada.
Dengan penuh gairah dan hasrat untuk mengejar keuntungan, para investor tambang bergerak dalam kecepatan tinggi. Dengan mesin berkapasitas besar, mulai mengambil air danau untuk kebutuhan perusahan juga aktivitas industri. Dan kondisi ini sudah berlangsung bertahun-tahun.
Tidak tanggung-tanggung, jutaan meter kubik air diambil untuk menggerakan industri.
Ada satu riset yang dipublis oleh Taty Hernaningsih (2020) dimana pada tahun 2019, kebutuhan akan air untuk kegiatan pertambangan dan industri (pabrik) dapat mencapai 3,80 juta meter kobik setiap tahunya. Bahkan diprediksikan meningkat menjadi 22, 21 juta meter kobik bilamana pabrik dan PLTU telah difungsikan.
Bisa dibayangkan bagaimana tragisnya nasib Danau Karo bilamana eksploitasi ini terus berlangsung?
Hasil riset dari Perekayasa Pusat Teknologi Lingkungan seperti ini barangkali tidak pernah dibaca oleh pemerintah daerah kita. Padahal hal ini sangat penting menjadi referensi utama dalam menyusun kebijakan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam.
Danau Karo yang berada di pulau Obi, Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan, barangkali tidak sepopuler danau toba di Sumatera atau Danau Tolire dan Ngade di Kota Ternate. Akan tetapi dibawah lapisan ozon yang berlubang ini, semua danau termasuk Danau Karo tentu memiliki fungsi yang sama dengan danau-danau lainya.
Pemerintah tidak bisa melihat Danau Karo hanya dengan perspektif perhitungan dan keuntungan semata (pajak air permukaan). Ada nilai sosial, ekonomi, religius, kultur dan lingkungan yang menyemainya.
Sebagai danau yang memiliki luas kurang lebih 969, 09 hektar, Danau Karo perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius pemerintah. Penting kiranya danau karo menjadi Danau prioritas nasional sebagaimana danau-danau lain yang ada di negara ini. Semoga! ***
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